ISOLASI DAN PENAPISAN BAKTERI SELULOLITIK DARI BERBAGAI JENIS TANAH SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ENZIM SELULASE

Seprianto Seprianto

Sari


Abstract

Cellulose is an enzyme that hydrolyzes β-1,4-glycosidic bonds on cellulose molecules to produce glucose. The utilization of cellulase enzymes is currently increasing in the food, paper , detergent and agricultural industries. This research was aimed at obtaining cellulolytic bacterial isolates capable of producing cellulose enzyme where enzyme activity was measured daily by DNS method and to add bacterial isolate collection which will be used for further research. Screening of cellulolytic bacteria from soil led to detection or one potential isolate, designated as 6.2 showed highest activity among others which occurred on the 11th day with activity value of 0,0189 μmol/minute and the lowest activity of cellulase enzyme was not observed its activity, while the highest dissolved protein content occurred on the sixth day with activity of 0,408240784 mg/ml and the lowest protein content on day 2th of 0,167673552 mg / ml. The highest activity of specific enzyme occurred on the 11th day with a value of 0,0538 U/mg, while the lowest activity of specific enzyme was not activity with value of 0 U/mg.

 

Keywords : screening, cellulolytic bacteria, cellulose

 

Abstrak

Enzim selulase merupakan enzim yang dapat menghidrolisis ikatan β-1,4-glikosidik pada molekul selulosa sehingga menghasilkan glukosa. Pemanfaatan enzim selulase saat ini semakin meningkat dalam dunia industri makanan, industri kertas, industri detergen dan industri pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan spesies bakteri selulolitik yang potensial menghasilkan enzim selulase dan melihat aktivitas enzim dengan metode pengukuran DNS serta menambah koleksi isolat bakteri dari biakan murni yang akan digunakan untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Dari hasil penelitian penapisan bakteri selulolitik yang diisolasi dari berbagai jenis tanah didapatkan satu isolat yang potensial yaitu Isolat 6.2 menunjukan aktivitas lebih baik diantara yang lainnya dengan aktivitas enzim ektrak kasar tertinggi terjadi pada hari ke-11dengan nilai 0,0189 µmol/menit dan aktivitas enzim selulase terendah tidak teramati aktivitas enzimnya atau sama dengan nilai 0 µmol/menit, sedangkan kadar protein terlarut tertinggi terjadi pada hari ke-6 dengan nilai 0,408240784 mg/ml dan kadar protein terendah pada hari ke-2 sebesar 0,167673552 mg/ml. Aktivitas enzim spesifik tertinggi terjadi pada hari ke-11 dengan nilai 0,0538 U/mg, sedangkan aktivitas enzim spesifik terendah tidak memiliki aktivitas atausama dengan nilai 0 U/mg.

 

Kata kunci : penapisan, bakteri selulolitik, enzim selulase


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