PEMBERDAYAAN WARGA RETARDASI MENTAL KAMPUNG SIDOHARJO JAMBON PONOROGO MELALUI MODEL ASANTI EMOTAN

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Abstract

The research aimed to analyze and describe the abilities of mental retardation people domiciled in Sidoharjo village, Jambon, Ponorogo in doing their daily life after having been empowered by AsantiEmotan Model. This action research was conducted for a year. The research sample was classified by using disproportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected by using observation,  interview, and documentation. It was tested by using single one shot case study model and analyzed by using t-test correlation. The result showed that (1) through operating Asanti Emotan Model, the abilities of mental retardation people (MRP) doing their personal activities, household, and social activities increased as criteria suggested. Based on the experiments 1, 2, and 3, the abilities of mental retardation people (MRP) categorized asdebil, increased in 33%, 70% and 85% respectively. MRPcategorized as imbecile, increased in 28%, 58%, and 68% respectively. The abilities of MRP categorized as idiot, increased in 33%, 50%, and 67%. AsantiEmotan Model showed good correlation that the abilities of MRP categorized asdebilwere in 0,56, 0,16, and 0,14, the abilities of MRP categorized as imbecile were in 0,67, 0,50, and 0,30, the abilities of MRP categorized as idiot were in 0,87, 0,75, and 0,68. Therefore, this model was considered to effective and significant. (2) The application of the model helped the family, people surrounding, and liaison officers to empower mental retardation people easier.

 

Keywords: Empowering, Mental Retardation People, Asanti Emotan Model

 

Abstrak

Desa Sidoharjo merupakan salah satu desa di Kabupaten Ponorogo yang disebut â€kampung idiotâ€. Di desa ini jumlah warga yang mengalami retardasi mental mencapai 2,20% (138 orang). Perilaku sosial orang tua, keluarga, dan warga masyarakat di lingkungan sekitar cenderung menerimanya namun belum ada suatu kegiatan yang terprogram dan terstruktur untuk memberdayakannya. Mereka pada umumnya memberi bantuan barang-barang yang bersifat konsumtif sehingga menimbulkan ketergantungan. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan model pemberdayaan yang cocok dalam memandirikan warga retardasi mental dengan tujuan warga retardasi mental di kampung berdaya, mandiri, dan adaptif. Penelitian tindakan ini dilaksanakan selama satu tahun. Sampel penelitiannya ditentukan dengan disproptionate stratified random sampling. Pengambilandatanya dengan observasi, wawancara, dan pencatatan dokumen. Teknik  pengujiannya menggunakan model single one shot case study dan dianalisis dengan t-test berkorelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; (1) Melalui Model Asanti Emotan, kemampuan warga retardasi menjalankan aktivitas pribadi, keluarga, dan sosial mengalami peningkatan sebagaimana kriteria yang diharapkan. Dari uji coba 1, uji coba 2, dan uji coba 3. Warga Retardasi Mental (WRM) Debil; 33%, 70%, dan 85%. WRM Imbesil; 28%, 58%, dan 68%. WRM Idiot; 33%, 50%, dan 67%. Model Asanti Emotan memiliki korelasi yang baik yaitu WRM Debil; 0.56, 0.16, dan 0.14. WRM Imbesil; 0.67, 0.50, dan 0.30. WRM Idiot; 0.87, 0.75, dan 0.68. Model ini juga terbilang efektif dan signifikan. Dari hasil uji t terhadap WRM dalam berbagai kategori hasilnya t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel, (2) Penerapan model memberi kemudahan keluarga, warga lingkungan sekitar, dan tenaga pendamping dalam melaksanakan pemberdayaan warga retardasi mental.

 

Kata kunci: pemberdayaan, warga retardasi mental, model Asanti Emotan