ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DENGAN GIZI LEBIH MEMILIKI CITRA TUBUH YANG RENDAH

Khairizka Citra Palupi, Asmika Asmika, Nurul Muslihah3

Abstract


Abstract

Overweight and obesity may cause psychological consequences such as poor body image and low self-esteem. Internal and external factor may affect body image and self-esteem of individuals. Demographic factor is one of them. Therefore, we aim to identify the body image and self-esteem based on nutritional status. We conducted an observational analytic study using cross-sectional approach among 260 school-aged children. We measured nutritional status by heigth, weight and age using stadiometer and weighing scale, respectively. Body image and self-esteem questionairres used body discrepancy questionairre, body esteem scale, dan self esteem inventory. Results show that body image of overweight and obese school-aged children lower than well-nourished school-aged children (p-value < 0.05), meanwhile self-esteem of overweight and obese school-aged children did not significantly different compared with well-nourished school-aged children (p-value >0.05). Correlation test show that there is a signfiicant relationship between nutritional status and body image. However, there was no correlation between nutritional status and self-esteem. In conclusion, low body image of overweight and obese children have been formed since childhood. Therefore, intervention for overweight and obese children should improve their body image.

 

Keywords : nutrition status, overweight, obesity

 

Abstrak

Gizi lebih memberikan konsekuensi psikologis seperti rendahnya citra tubuh dan harga diri. Faktor internal dan eksternal mempengaruhi citra tubuh dan harga diri seorang individu. Faktor demografi menjadi salah satunya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui citra tubuh dan harga diri pada anak usia sekolah berdasarkan status gizi. Kami melakukan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 260 anak usia sekolah 10-12 tahun. Kami melakukan pengukuran status gizi melalui penentuan tinggi badan dan berat badan yang masing-masing menggunakan stadiometer dan timbangan. Kuesioner citra tubuh dan harga diri menggunakan body discrepancy questionairre, body esteem scale, dan self esteem inventory. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa citra tubuh anak gizi lebih secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan anak gizi baik (p-value< 0.05), sementara harga diri anak gizi lebih tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dengan anak gizi baik (p-value >0.05). Uji korelasi menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan antara status gizi dan citra tubuh. Sebaliknya, tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara citra tubuh dan harga diri serta antara status gizi dan harga diri. Kesimpulannya, citra tubuh anak gizi lebih sudah terbentuk semenjak usia sekolah sehingga perlu membangun citra tubuh yang baik ketika memberikan intervensi kepada mereka.

 

Kata kunci : status gizi, gizi lebih, gizi baik


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References


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