Implementasi Doktrin Responsibility to Protect (Humanitarian Intervention) dalam Hukum Internasional (Kasus Kosovo Libya dan Suriah)

Fitria fitria

Abstract


Abstract

The principle of State sovereignty is no longer traditionally understood, as the absolute power of the state to regulate its internal affairs, but also the state's obligation to provide protection for its residents. Along with this principle and the development of the international law, the doctrine of responsibility to protect (the obligation to protect) has been introduced by jurist of international law. The main idea of this doctrine is that International community has an obligation to protect the civilians of any nationality if a state is not capable of providing protection to the population or even become perpetrators of violence against the population. This paper will review how the arrangement of this doctrine in international law and to what extent this doctrine might be implemented  are essential elements    to be elaborated in this article with reference to the case of intervention (military) NATO in Yugoslavia in 1999, in Lybia in 2011 and the potential for intervention (military) in Syria

Keywords: sovereignity,  responsibilty to protect, military intervention 

Abstrak

Prinsip Kedaulatan Negara dalam perkembangannya tidak lagi dipahami secara tradisional, yaitu kekuasaan mutlak negara untuk mengatur urusan dalam negerinya, namun juga kewajiban negara memberikan perlindungan bagi penduduknya. Bersamaan dengan itu pula muncul doktrin responsibility to protect (kewajiban untuk melindungi). Komunitas Internasional memiliki kewajiban untuk melidungi warga sipil kewarganegaraan manapun apabila suatu negara dianggap tidak mampu memberikan perlindungan terhadap penduduknya atau bahkan menjadi pelaku kekerasan terhadap penduduknya tersebut. Paper ini akan mengulas bagaimana pengaturan doktrin ini dalam hukum Internasional  dan sejauhmana doktrin ini dapat diterapkan menjadi kajian yang menarik untuk dibahas dengan mengacu kepada Kasus intervensi (militer) NATO di Yugoslavia tahun 1999, di Lybia tahun 2011 dan potensi intervensi (militer)  di Suriah.

Kata kunci: kedaulatan, tanggung jawab melindungi, intervensi militer

References


Antonio Cassese, “Internasional Lawâ€, Second Edition, University Press, UK, 2005.

Ian Browlie, “Principles of Public International Lawâ€, Sixth edition, Oxford University Press, UK, 2003.

Justine Faure dan Yannick Prost, “Relation Internationales: Histoire questions régionales grands enjeux “, ellipses, Paris, 2004.

Merlyn Frost, David Rodin, “How To get Humanitarian intervention Rights: What Libya teaches us about responsibility to protectâ€, diakses http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/briefings/2011-03-Libya.pdf

Noah Chomsky, “a review over NATO’s War over Kosovoâ€, artikel dari: http://www.chomsky.info/articles/200005--.htm

Julie Hyland, British parliamentary committee admits NATO bombing of Yugoslavia was illegal, artikel dari http://www.wsws.org/articles/2000/jun2000/kos1-j14.shtml




DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/lj.v9i1.336

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