HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ENERGI, PROTEIN, DAN MINERAL SENG, PERILAKU HYGIENE DAN SANITASI SUMBER AIR TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIARE ANAK GIZI KURANG USIA SEKOLAH DASAR (10-12 TAHUN) DI PULAU SUMATERA (ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2007)

Aprilianti Vitri, Ngadiarti Iskari, Nuzrina Rachmanida

Abstract


Abstract

Background : Under-nutrition is physically condition that caused mal-absorption, such as infectious diseases. Diarrhea is an infectious disease that caused lack of WASH (Water Sanitation and Hand Washing), defecation’s not in latrines and inadequate intake. The impact of under nutrition school aged children is poor quality of live and learning. Objective : To know the correlation between energy, protein, zinc intake, WASH and defecate in latrine to diarrhea incidence of under-nutrition school aged children (10 – 12 years old) in Sumatera island. Methods : Analysis cross sectional design was used to 526 respondents that was analyzed by Independent T – test and Chi Square. Results: The intake of energy, protein and zinc of respondents are less than half of requirements. Most of respondents (>50%) un-lack of water sanitation and washing their hands without soap in critical times, except before eating (53.2% washing their hands with soap) and healthy latrines facility (57.3%). The incidence of diarrhea disease was significantly associated (p<0.005) with defecation in latrines, and negatively associated (p>0.005) with energy, protein, zinc intake and WASH. Conclusion and Suggestion : Defecation in latrines impacts of diarrhea incidence that means the children getting diarrhea because they are not defecate in latrine, because of poor facility of healthy latrines. Important to cooperate with the government to promote defecation in latrine and build healthy latrines facility.

Keywords : Undernutrition, Diarrhea, Healthy Latrines


Abstrak

Latar Belakang : Kurang gizi adalah kondisi fisik yang disebabkan malabsorpsi, seperti adanya penyakit infeksi. Diare adalah penyakit infeksi rendahnya perilaku hygiene yang seperti mencuci tangan tidak pakai sabun dan buang air besar tidak dijamban serta kurangnya sanitasi sumber air bersih dan tidak adekuatnya asupan zat gizi. Dampak dari kurang gizi pada anak usia sekolah adalah rendahnya kualitas hidup dan belajar anak. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan energy, protein, mineral seng, perilaku hygiene dan sanitasi sumber air terhadap kejadian diare pada anak kurang gizi usia sekolah dasar (10–12 tahun) di pulau Sumatera. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan terhadap 526 responden pada penelitian ini adalah cross sectional menggunakan uji analisa Independent t – Test dan Chi Square.  Hasil : Asupan energy, protein dan mineral seng responden krang dari setengah kebutuhan. Kebanyakan responden (>50%) memiliki sumber air yang tersanitasi dan tidak mencuci tangan pakai sabun di waktu – waktu kritis, kecuali sebelum makan (53.2% responden mencuci tangannya pakai sabun sebelum makan) dan fasilitas jamban sehat (57.4%). Kejadian diare memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan perilaku buang air besar di Jamban dan tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan asupan energy, protein, mineral seng, perilaku mencuci tangan pakai sabun dan sanitasi sumber air bersih. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Kejadian diare pada responden selama kurun waktu 12 bulan yang lalu disebabkan dari perilaku buang air besar responden yang tidak dilakukan dijamban dikarenakan tidak tersedianya jamban yang sehat, sehingga diperlukan kerjasama pihak pemerintah untuk mensosialisasikan perilaku buang air besar di Jamban dan membangun percontohan fasilitas jamban sehat.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Kurang, Diare, Jamban Sehat


References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/nut.v8i1.1417

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