HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP DIABETES MELLITUS PADA LANSIA DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT (ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2007)

Widya Dianah, Mulyani Yudhya, Bahar Herwanti

Abstract


                                       Abstract

Riskesdas 2007 shows as many as 17 provinces had prevalence of diseases above the national prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus. West Kalimantan Province is one highest of the provinces with a prevalence rate of Diabetes Mellitus that is 11.1%. Several studies have shown the nutritional status and physical activity associated with diabetes mellitus. This study examined the association of nutritional status and physical activity against diabetes mellitus in the elderly. The data used is secondary data RISKESDAS 2007, with cross-sectional approach. The samples used were men and women aged ≥ 45 years (n = 5234). Data analysis was performed using chi-square and logistic regression. The proportion of elderly who had diabetes mellitus was 2.4%. Of the total respondents were diabetes mellitus as much as 2.4% aged ≥ 60 years, 3% were female, 3.9% obese, 4.8% higher education and 3.8% less activity. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression showed that gender (p = .000; adjusted OR 1.951; 95% CI: 1352-2814), education level (p = .000; adjusted OR 3.117; 95% CI: 2155-4509), physical activity (p = .000; adjusted OR 2,327; 95% CI: 1616-3353) showed significantly the risk factors for diabetes mellitus. While age and nutritional status showed no significant as risk factors for diabetes mellitus. Is necessary to prevent or overcome diabetes mellitus by establishing a program of physical activity routine activity and healthy lifestyle.        

Keywords        : Status of Nutrition, physical activity, diabetes mellitus

 

                                    Abstrak

Riskesdas 2007 menunjukkan sebanyak 17 provinsi mempunyai prevalensi penyakit Diabetes Mellitus diatas prevalensi nasional. Provinsi Kalimantan Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan tingkat prevalensi penyakit Diabetes Mellitus tertinggi yaitu 11,1%. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan status gizi dan aktivitas fisik berkaitan dengan diabetes mellitus. Mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan aktivitas fisik terhadap diabetes mellitus pada lansia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder RISKESDAS 2007, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah pria dan wanita dengan usia ≥ 45 tahun (n = 5234). Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji chi square dan regresi logistik.Responden yang menderita diabetes mellitus sebanyak 2,4%. Dari total responden yang diabetes mellitus sebanyak 2,4% berusia ≥ 60 tahun, 3% berjenis kelamin perempuan, 3,9% obesitas, 4,8% berpendidikan tinggi dan 3,8% kurang aktivitas. Hasil analisis multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin (p=.000; OR adjusted 1,951; 95% CI: 1.352-2.814), tingkat pendidikan (p=.000; OR adjusted 3.117; 95% CI: 2.155-4509), aktivitas fisik (p=.000; OR adjusted 2.327; 95% CI: 1.616-3.353) menunjukkan secara signifikan merupakan faktor risiko diabetes mellitus. Sedangkan umur dan status gizi menunjukkan tidak signifikan sebagai faktor risiko diabetes mellitus. Diperlukan upaya untuk mencegah atau pun menanggulangi diabetes mellitus dengan membentuk program kegiatan aktivitas fisik rutin dan gaya hidup sehat.

Kata kunci     : Status Gizi, aktivitas fisik, diabetes mellitus


References


Daftar Pustaka

Balitbangkes. (2008). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2007, Laporan Nasional. Jakarta: Balitbangkes Depkes RI

Bays, H. E., Chapman, R.H., Grandy, S., SHIELD Investigators Group. (2007). The Relationship of Body Mass Index to Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia: Comparison of Data From Two National Surveys. IJCP, 61(5), 737-747. Diakses dari: http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pubmed/17493087

Bray, G. A. et al. (2008). Relation of central adiposity and body mass index to the development of diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program. AJCN, 87, 1212-1218. Diaskes dari:http://ajcn.nutrition.org

Creatore, M. I., Moineddin, R., Manuel, D. H., DesMeules, M., McDermott, S., Glazier, R. H. (2010). Age and Sex Related Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among Immigrants to Ontario, Canada. CMAJ, 182(8), 781-789. Diakses dari: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed

Defay, R., Decourt, C., Ranvier, M., Lacroux A., Papoz, L., POLA Study Group. (2001). Relationships between physical activity, obesity and diabetes mellitus in a French elderly population: the POLA study. EJCN, 25, 512-518. Diaskes dari:www.nature.com/ejcn.

Geiss L.S., James, C., Gregg, E. W., Albright, A., Williamson, D. F., Cowie, C. C. (2010). Diabetes Risk Reduction Behaviours Among US Adults with Prediabetes. Amarican Journal of Preventive Medicine. AJPM, 38(4), 403-409. Diakses dari: journals.elsevierhealth.com

Grylls, W. K., McKenzie, J. J., Horwath, C. C., Mann, J. I. (2003). Lifestyle factors associated with glycaemic control and body mass index in older adults with diabetes. EJCN, 57, 1386-1393. Diaskes dari: www.nature.com/ejcn

Grontved, A., Eric, B. R., Walter, C. W., Lars, B. A., Frank B. Hu. (2001). Physical Activity and Television Watching in Relation to Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Men, 161(12). JAMA Network, 172(17), 1306-1312. Diakses dari: http://archinte. jamanetwork.com

Irawan, D. (2010). Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Daerah Urban Indonesia (Analisis Data Sekunder Riskesdas 2007). Tesis Master (Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2010). Thesis Universitas Indonesia. Diaskes dari: http://lontar.ui.ac.id

Kurnia, S,.Setyorogo, S. (2013). Faktor Risiko Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cengkareng Jakarta Barat Tahun 2012. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 5(1). Diakses dari: http://lp3m.thamrin.ac.id.pdf

McNeely, M.J., Boyko, E.J., Shofer, J.B., Morris, L.N., Leonetti, D.L., Fujimoto, W.Y. (2001). Standard definitions of overweight and central adiposity for determining diabetes risk in Japanese Americans. EJCN, 74, 101-107. Diaskes dari: http://ajcn.nutrition.org

Nezhad, M., Ghayour, M. M., Parizadeh, M. R., Safarian, M., Esmaeili, H., Parizadeh, S. M., Khodaee, G., Hosseini, J., Abasalti, Z., Hassankhani, B., Ferns, G. (2008). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in iran and its relationship with gender, urbanization, education, marital status, and occupation. Singapore Med J, 49(7), 571-576.

Schienkiewitz, A., Schulze, M. B., Hoffman, K., Kroke, A., Boeing, H. (2006). Body mass index history and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)–Potsdam Study. AJCN, 84, 427-433. Diaskes dari: http://ajcn.nutrition.org

Weinsten A. R., Sesso, H.D. Lee, M. I., Cook, Nancy R., Manson, J.E., Buring, J.E., Caziano, J.M. (2004). Relationship of Physical Activity vs Body Mass Index with Type 2 Diabetes in Women. JAMA, 292(10), 1232-1234. Diakses dari: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/15353531

World Health Organization. (2010). Prevalence of Diabetes in The Who South- East Region. Diakses dari: http://www.who.int/ diabetes/facts/worldfigures/en/index5.html.Prevalence of Diabetes Worldwide




DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/nut.v8i1.1416

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


indexed by
      

Lembaga Penerbitan Universitas Esa Unggul
Jalan Arjuna Utara No 9 Kebon Jeruk Jakarta - Indonesia
(021) 567 4223 ext 266

View My Stats